Ftp Utility Command Uploads Filename From the Current Directory on the Local Computer

Linux ftp command

Updated: 08/sixteen/2021 by Computer Hope

The ftp command runs the classical command-line file transfer client, FTP. It'due south an interactive text user interface for using the ARPANET standard File Transfer Protocol. It tin transfer files to and from a remote network.

This page describes the version of ftp provided by parcel direction on the majority of GNU/Linux operating systems.

Syntax

ftp [-46pinegvd] [host          [port]]

Options

-iv	Use only IPv4 to contact whatsoever host.
-half dozen	Use IPv6 just.
-p	Utilise passive fashion for information transfers. Allows use of ftp in environments where a firewall prevents connections from the exterior earth back to the client machine. Requires that the ftp server support the PASV command. This is the default if invoked as pftp.
-i	Turns off interactive prompting during multiple file transfers.
-north	Restrains ftp from attempting "machine-login" upon initial connection. If automobile-login is enabled, ftp checks the .netrc (meet netrc) file in the user's home directory for an entry describing an account on the remote motorcar. If no entry exists, ftp prompts for the remote auto login name (default is the user identity on the local motorcar), and, if necessary, prompt for a password and an account with which to log in.
-e	Disables command editing and history support, if it was compiled into the ftp executable. Otherwise, does nothing.
-grand	Disables file name globbing.
-5	Verbose option forces ftp to prove all responses from the remote server, and written report on information transfer statistics.
-d	Enables debugging.

The customer host and an optional port number with which ftp is to communicate may be specified on the command line. If this is done, ftp immediately attempts to plant a connection to an FTP server on that host; otherwise, ftp enters its command interpreter and expect instructions from the user. When ftp is awaiting commands from the user, the prompt 'ftp>' is provided to the user. The post-obit commands are recognized by ftp:

! [command [args]]	Invoke an interactive shell on the local machine. If in that location are arguments, the first is taken to be a command to execute direct, with the residual of the arguments as its arguments.
$ macro-proper noun [args]	Execute the macro macro-name that was divers with the macdef command. Arguments are passed to the macro unglobbed.
account [passwd]	Supply a supplemental password required by a remote system for admission to resources once a login is completed. If no argument is included, the user is prompted for an account countersign in a non-echoing input mode.
append local-file [remote-file]	Suspend a local file to a file on the remote machine. If remote-file is left unspecified, the local file name is used in naming the remote file after being altered by any ntrans or nmap setting. File transfer uses the current settings for blazon, format, mode, and construction.
ascii	Set the file transfer type to network ASCII. This is the default type.
bong	Accommodate that a bong be sounded afterward each file transfer command is completed.
binary	Set the file transfer type to support binary image transfer.
bye	Terminate the FTP session with the remote server and go out ftp. An end of file as well terminates the session and exits.
case	Toggle remote computer file name instance mapping during mget commands. When case is on (default is off), remote figurer file names with all messages in uppercase are written in the local directory with the letters mapped to lowercase.
cd remote-directory	Change the working directory on the remote machine to remote-directory.
cdup	Change the remote machine working directory to the parent of the current remote machine working directory.
chmod mode file-name	Change the permission modes of the file file-name on the remote organisation to mode.
close	Terminate the FTP session with the remote server, and render to the command interpreter. Any defined macros are erased.
cr	Toggle carriage render stripping during ascii blazon file retrieval. Records are denoted by a wagon return/linefeed sequence during ascii type file transfer. When cr is on (the default), carriage returns are stripped from this sequence to conform with the UNIX unmarried linefeed record delimiter. Records on non-UNIX remote systems may contain single linefeeds; when an ascii type transfer is made, these linefeeds may exist distinguished from a record delimiter only when cr is off.
qc	Toggle the printing of command characters in the output of ASCII blazon commands. When this is turned on, control characters are replaced with a question mark if the output file is the standard output. This is the default when the standard output is a tty.
delete remote-file	Delete the file remote-file on the remote machine.
debug [debug-value]	Toggle debugging mode. If an optional debug-value is specified, it is used to gear up the debugging level. When debugging is on, ftp prints each command sent to the remote auto, preceded by the string '-->'.
dir [remote-directory] [local-file]	Print a listing of the directory contents in the directory, remote-directory, and, optionally, placing the output in local-file. If interactive prompting is on, ftp prompts the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving dir output. If no directory is specified, the current working directory on the remote machine is used. If no local file is specified, or local-file is -, output comes to the concluding.
disconnect	A synonym for close.
form format	Set the file transfer form to format. The default format is "file".
get remote-file [local-file]	Retrieve the remote-file and shop information technology on the local auto. If the local file proper noun is not specified, information technology is given the aforementioned name it has on the remote motorcar, subject to alteration by the electric current case, ntrans, and nmap settings. The current settings for type, form, mode, and structure are used while transferring the file.
glob	Toggle file name expansion for mdelete, mget and mput. If globbing is turned off with glob, the file name arguments are taken literally and not expanded. Globbing for mput is done as in csh. For mdelete and mget, each remote file name is expanded separately on the remote motorcar and the lists are not merged. Expansion of a directory name is likely to be different from expansion of the proper name of an ordinary file: the verbal upshot depends on the foreign operating organisation and ftp server, and can be previewed by doing 'mls remote-files -'. Note: mget and mput are not meant to transfer entire directory subtrees of files. That can be washed past transferring a tar annal of the subtree (in binary style).
hash	Toggle hash-sign ("#") printing for each data block transferred. The size of a information block is 1024 bytes.
assist [command]	Print an informative message almost the meaning of control. If no argument is given, ftp prints a list of the known commands.
idle [seconds]	Set the inactivity timer on the remote server to seconds seconds. If seconds is omitted, the electric current inactivity timer is printed.
ipany	Allow the address resolver to return whatsoever address family.
ipv4	Restrict the address resolver to look merely for IPv4 addresses.
ipv6	Restrict host addressing to IPv6 only.
lcd [directory]	Modify the working directory on the local auto. If no directory is specified, the user's domicile directory is used.
ls [remote-directory] [local-file]	Impress a list of the contents of a directory on the remote motorcar. The list includes whatsoever organization-dependent data that the server chooses to include; for example, most UNIX systems produce output from the control 'ls -fifty'. (See also nlist.) If remote-directory is left unspecified, the current working directory is used. If interactive prompting is on, ftp prompts the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving ls output. If no local file is specified, or if local-file is '-', the output is sent to the terminal.
macdef macro-name	Define a macro. Subsequent lines are stored every bit the macro macro-proper noun; a null line (consecutive newline characters in a file or wagon returns from the last) terminates macro input mode. There is a limit of 16 macros and 4096 total characters in all divers macros. Macros remain defined until a close control is executed. The macro processor interprets '$' and '\' as special characters. A '$' followed by a number (or numbers) is replaced past the corresponding statement on the macro invocation command line. A '$' followed by an 'i' signals that macro processor that the executing macro is to be looped. On the first laissez passer '$i' is replaced by the start statement on the macro invocation command line, on the 2d pass it's replaced by the second argument, etc. A '\' followed past whatsoever character is replaced by that grapheme. Utilise the '\' to forbid special handling of the '$'.
mdelete [remote-files]	Delete the remote-files on the remote machine.
mdir remote-files local-file	Like dir, except multiple remote files may be specified. If interactive prompting is on, ftp prompts the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving mdir output.
mget remote-files	Expand the remote-files on the remote auto and do a get for each file name thus produced. Meet glob for details on the file name expansion. Resulting file names are candy co-ordinate to case, ntrans, and nmap settings. Files are transferred into the local working directory, which can exist changed with 'lcd directory'; new local directories can exist created with '! mkdir directory'.
mkdir directory-name	Brand a directory on the remote automobile.
mls remote-files local-file	Like nlist, except multiple remote files may be specified, and the local-file must be specified. If interactive prompting is on, ftp prompts the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving mls output.
mode [mode-name]	Set the file transfer way to mode-name. The default mode is "stream" manner.
modtime file-name	Show the last modification fourth dimension of the file on the remote machine.
mput local-files	Expand wildcards in the list of local files given as arguments and exercise a put for each file in the resulting listing. See glob for details of file name expansion. Resulting file names are processed according to ntrans and nmap settings.
newer file-name [local-file]	Get the file only if the modification fourth dimension of the remote file is more than recent that the file on the electric current system. If the file does non exist on the electric current system, the remote file is considered newer. Otherwise, this command is identical to get.
nlist [remote-directory] [local-file]	Print a list of the files in a directory on the remote machine. If remote-directory is left unspecified, the current working directory is used. If interactive prompting is on, ftp prompts the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving nlist output. If no local file is specified, or if local-file is -, the output is sent to the final.
nmap [inpattern outpattern]	Gear up or unset the file name mapping mechanism. If no arguments are specified, the file name mapping mechanism is unset. If arguments are specified, remote file names are mapped during mput commands and put commands issued without a specified remote target file name. If arguments are specified, local file names are mapped during mget commands and get commands issued without a specified local target file name. This command is useful when connecting to a not-UNIX remote computer with different file naming conventions or practices. The mapping follows the design set past inpattern and outpattern. [Inpattern] is a template for incoming file names (which may have already been processed according to the ntrans and example settings). Variable templating is accomplished by including the sequences '$1', '$2', ..., '$ix' in inpattern. Use '\' to foreclose this special handling of the '$' graphic symbol. All other characters are treated literally, and determine the nmap [inpattern] variable values. For example, given inpattern $1.$2 and the remote file name "mydata.information", $1 would have the value "mydata", and $ii would take the value "data". The outpattern determines the resulting mapped file name. The sequences '$1', '$2', ...., '$nine' are replaced by any value resulting from the inpattern template. The sequence '$0' is supervene upon by the original file proper noun. Additionally, the sequence '[seq1, seq2]' is replaced by [seq1] if seq1 is not a null cord; otherwise it is replaced past seq2. For instance, the control nmap $ane.$ii.$3 [$ane,$2].[$2,file] would yield the output file proper noun "myfile.data" for input file names "myfile.data" and "myfile.data.sometime", "myfile.file" for the input file name "myfile", and "myfile.myfile" for the input file name ".myfile". Spaces may be included in outpattern, as in the instance: 'nmap $ane sed "s/ *$//" > $ane'. Utilize the '\' character to prevent special treatment of the '$','[','[', and ',' characters.
ntrans [inchars [outchars]]	Ready or unset the file proper noun character translation mechanism. If no arguments are specified, the file proper noun character translation mechanism is unset. If arguments are specified, characters in remote file names are translated during mput commands and put commands issued without a specified remote target file name. If arguments are specified, characters in local file names are translated during mget commands and get commands issued without a specified local target file name. This command is useful when connecting to a non-UNIX remote computer with different file naming conventions or practices. Characters in a file name matching a character in inchars are replaced with the corresponding character in outchars. If the graphic symbol's position in inchars is longer than the length of outchars, the character is deleted from the file proper name.
open host [port]	Establish a connection to the specified host FTP server. An optional port number may be supplied, in which case, ftp attempts to contact an FTP server at that port. If the auto-login option is on (default), ftp attempts to automatically log the user into the FTP server (encounter below).
prompt	Toggle interactive prompting. Interactive prompting occurs during multiple file transfers to permit the user to selectively recollect or store files. If prompting is turned off (default is on), any mget or mput transfers all files, and any mdelete deletes all files.
proxy ftp-control	Execute an ftp command on a secondary command connection. This command allows simultaneous connection to two remote ftp servers for transferring files betwixt the two servers. The showtime proxy control should be an open up, to establish the secondary control connection. Enter the command "proxy ?" to see other ftp commands executable on the secondary connection. The following commands conduct differently when prefaced by proxy: open up does not define new macros during the auto-login process, shut does non erase existing macro definitions, get and mget transfer files from the host on the primary control connection to the host on the secondary command connection, and put, mput, and append transfer files from the host on the secondary control connexion to the host on the primary control connection. Third party file transfers depend upon support of the ftp protocol PASV command by the server on the secondary control connexion.
put local-file [remote-file]	Store a local file on the remote motorcar. If remote-file is left unspecified, the local file proper noun is used later processing co-ordinate to any ntrans or nmap settings in naming the remote file. File transfer uses the current settings for type, format, fashion, and structure.
pwd	Print the name of the current working directory on the remote machine.
quit	A synonym for adieu.
quote arg1 arg2 ...	The arguments specified are sent, verbatim, to the remote FTP server.
recv remote-file [local-file]	A synonym for go.
reget remote-file [local-file]	reget acts like become, except that if local-file exists and is smaller than remote-file, local-file is presumed to be a partially transferred re-create of remote-file and the transfer is continued from the apparent point of failure. If local-file does not exist ftp won't fetch the file. This command is useful when transferring very large files over networks that are prone to dropping connections.
remotehelp [command-name]	Request help from the remote FTP server. If a control-name is specified, it is supplied to the server as well.
remotestatus [file-proper noun]	With no arguments, show status of remote machine. If file-name is specified, show status of file-proper noun on remote machine.
rename [from] [to]	Rename the file from on the remote machine, to to.
reset	Clear reply queue. This command re-synchronizes command/answer sequencing with the remote ftp server. Resynchronization may be necessary post-obit a violation of the ftp protocol by the remote server.
restart marker	Restart the immediately following get or put at the indicated mark. On UNIX systems, marker is usually a byte showtime into the file.
rmdir directory-name	Delete a directory on the remote machine.
runique	Toggle storing of files on the local system with unique file names. If a file already exists with a proper noun equal to the target local file proper noun for a get or mget command, a ".ane" is appended to the proper name. If the resulting name matches another existing file, a ".2" is appended to the original name. If this process continues up to ".99", an error message is printed, and the transfer does not have identify. The generated unique file name is reported. Note that runique does not affect local files generated from a shell command (see below). The default value is off.
send local-file [remote-file]	A synonym for put.
sendport	Toggle the employ of PORT commands. By default, ftp attempts to utilise a PORT command when establishing a connection for each data transfer. The use of PORT commands can forestall delays when performing multiple file transfers. If the PORT command fails, ftp uses the default data port. When the use of PORT commands is disabled, no effort is made to employ PORT commands for each data transfer. This is useful for certain FTP implementations which practice ignore PORT commands only, incorrectly, indicate they've been accepted.
site arg1 arg2 ...	The arguments specified are sent, verbatim, to the remote FTP server equally a SITE control.
size file-proper noun	Render size of file-proper name on remote automobile.
status	Evidence the current status of ftp.
struct [struct-name]	Set the file transfer structure to struct-proper noun. By default, "stream" structure is used.
sunique	Toggle storing of files on remote machine under unique file names. The remote ftp server must support the ftp protocol STOU command for successful completion. The remote server reports unique name. Default value is off.
system	Prove the blazon of operating arrangement running on the remote machine.
tenex	Set the file transfer type to that needed to talk to TENEX machines.
trace	Toggle packet tracing.
type [type-name]	Ready the file transfer type to blazon-name. If no type is specified, the current type is printed. The default blazon is network ASCII.
umask [newmask]	Set the default umask on the remote server to newmask. If newmask is omitted, the current umask is printed.
user user-name [password] [account]	Place yourself to the remote FTP server. If the password is not specified and the server requires it, ftp prompts the user for information technology (later disabling local echo). If an account field is not specified, and the FTP server requires it, the user is prompted for it. If an business relationship field is specified, an account command is relayed to the remote server afterward the login sequence is completed if the remote server did not require it for logging in. Unless ftp is invoked with "auto-login" disabled, this procedure is done automatically on initial connexion to the FTP server.
verbose	Toggle verbose fashion. In verbose manner, all responses from the FTP server are displayed to the user. Too, if verbose is on, when a file transfer completes, statistics regarding the efficiency of the transfer are reported. By default, verbose is on.
? [command]	A synonym for help.

Control arguments which take embedded spaces may exist quoted with quote (") marks.

Aborting a file transfer

To arrest a file transfer, use the terminal interrupt cardinal (usually Ctrl-C). Sending transfers are immediately halted. Receiving transfers are halted by sending a ftp protocol ABOR command to the remote server, and discarding any further data received. The speed at which this is achieved depends upon the remote server'due south support for ABOR processing. If the remote server does non back up the ABOR command, an 'ftp>' prompt does not appear until the remote server has completed sending the requested file.

The terminal interrupt primal sequence is ignored when ftp has completed whatever local processing and is pending a reply from the remote server. A long delay in this mode may result from the ABOR processing described above, or from unexpected beliefs by the remote server, including violations of the ftp protocol. If the filibuster results from unexpected remote server beliefs, the local ftp program must be killed manually.

File naming conventions

Files specified as arguments to ftp commands are processed according to the following rules:

1. If the file proper noun '-' is specified, the stdin (for reading) or stdout (for writing) is used.

ii. If the first character of the file name is '|', the balance of the argument is interpreted as a shell control. ftp then forks a beat out, using popen with the argument supplied, and reads (writes) from the stdout (stdin). If the beat command includes spaces, the argument must be quoted; (e.yard., "" ls -lt""). A particularly useful case of this mechanism is "dir more".

3. Failing the above checks, if "globbing" is enabled, local file names are expanded co-ordinate to the rules used in the csh; c.f. the glob command. If the ftp control expects a single local file (eastward.g., put), only the first file name generated by the "globbing" operation is used.

4. For mget commands and get commands with unspecified local file names, the local file proper noun is the remote file name, which may be contradistinct by a instance, ntrans, or nmap setting. The resulting file name may then be altered if runique is on.

v. For mput commands and put commands with unspecified remote file names, the remote file name is the local file name, which may be altered by a ntrans or nmap setting. The resulting file proper name may then be altered by the remote server if sunique is on.

File transfer parameters

The FTP specification specifies many parameters which may affect a file transfer. The blazon may be one of "ascii", "paradigm" (binary), "ebcdic", and "local byte size" (for PDP-x'due south and PDP-20'due south by and large). ftp supports the ascii and epitome types of file transfer, plus local byte size viii for tenex way transfers.

ftp supports only the default values for the remaining file transfer parameters: style, grade, and struct.

Environment

The ftp command makes use of the following environment variables:

HOME	The default location of a .netrc file, if one exists.
Crush	The default shell.

Examples

ftp exampleftp.computerhope.com

The control above instructs ftp to try a connection to exampleftp.computerhope.com. Beneath is an example of what would be seen:

Connecting to exampleftp.computerhope.com... exampleftp.computerhope.com FTP server set up. Name:          yourusername          Password:

If your username and password are valid and entered correctly, you lot are successfully logged in:

Remote system type is UNIX. Using ASCII mode to transfer files.          ftp>        

Once at the ftp> prompt, y'all are placed in the default directory for the user you used to log in. The first thing you'd probably want to practise is see what directory that is. To see the present working directory, use the pwd command like in Linux:

          ftp>          pwd

257 "/ftpdefaultdir" is current directory.

The number 257 is a numerical code. All FTP messages have a code number associated with them, and for technical reasons they are included with the messages from the server. The server lets yous know yous're in the /ftpdefaultdir directory. Let's see what files are in there, using the ls command:

          ftp>          ls

This produces a file listing, similar in Linux. You tin can change remote directories with cd. If y'all want to alter what directory you're using on your local computer, you tin can employ lcd for "local alter directory." Let's say you desire to get a file from the server named awesome.jpg, and download it to your local directory /home/myuser/images:

          ftp>          lcd /abode/myuser/images

Local directory now /domicile/myuser/images

          ftp>          get crawly.jpg

local: awesome.jpg remote: awesome.jpg 200 PORT command successful. 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for crawly.jpg (352271 bytes).

Oops! That's non quite right. JPEG images are binary files, non ASCII (text) files.

FTP supports two different types of file transfers, ASCII and binary. At login, the server told us information technology was currently in ASCII manner. Let's modify that to binary:

          ftp>          bin

Using binary mode to transfer files.

bin is brusk for binary, and either command switches to binary mode. We can now do the same file transfer and the file comes through correctly.

Let'southward switch to the remote directory all-images.

          ftp>          cd all-images

250-README for all-images 250- 250-This folder contains all the JPEG images for our project. 250- 250 CWD control successful.        

This directory had a "README" bulletin that is displayed by the FTP server every fourth dimension yous alter it to your current directory. The server then lets you know the cd command was successful. Now let'southward download every JPEG file using a wildcard. We can employ the mget command, which allows the states to become multiple files with one command:

          ftp>          mget *.jpg *.jpeg *.JPG *.JPEG

Nosotros now get all the jpeg files with the extensions JPG, JPEG, jpg, or jpeg.

If we accept whatever files to upload to the server, we can utilize the commands put or mput to upload them. When we're done, we can logout using the get out command.

• How practice I utilize FTP from a command line?

scp — Copy files securely over a network connection.
sftp — Carry an interactive FTP session over a secure network connection.

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Source: https://www.computerhope.com/unix/ftp.htm